04 paintings, The Continence of Scipio, or alternatively The Clemency of Scipio, with footnotes

The Continence of Scipio, or alternatively The Clemency of Scipio, is a episode recounted by Livy of the Roman general Scipio Africanus during his campaign in Spain during the Second Punic War. He refused a generous ransom for a young female prisoner, returning her to her fiance Allucius, who in return became a supporter of Rome. In recognition of his magnanimous treatment of a prisoner, he was taken as one of the prime examples of mercy during warfare in classical times. Interest in the story revived in the Renaissance and the episode figured widely thereafter in both the literary and figurative arts. More

Jan Tengnagel, AMSTERDAM CIRCA 1584 - 1631

THE CONTINENCE OF SCIPIO

Oil on canvas

108.5 by 164.2 cm.; 42 3/4  by 64 5/8  in
Private Collection

Jan Tengnagel (bapt 9 September 1584– buried 23 March 1635) was a Dutch draughtsman and painter.

Tengnagel was born and died in Amsterdam, but traveled and lived in Rome, Italy, between 1608 and 1611. He painted mainly biblical and other religious works. He had one pupil named Laurens Heinrich Hellewich. In 1618 Theodore Rodenburg made a reference to Tengnagel as a famous painter in Rodenburg's poem eulogizing the city of Amsterdam. He was an officer of the Guild of Saint Luke in Amsterdam. From 1624 on he stopped painting, apparently to dedicate himself entirely to his political career where he held office in Amsterdam's governing bodies. Tengnagel died in 1631. More Tengnagel

Pompeo Batoni,  (1708–1787)

Continence of Scipio, circa 1771/72

Oil on canvas

226.5 × 297.5 cm (89.2 × 117.1 in)

Hermitage Museum

Pompeo Girolamo Batoni (25 January 1708 – 4 February 1787) was an Italian painter who displayed a solid technical knowledge in his portrait work and in his numerous allegorical and mythological pictures. The high number of foreign visitors travelling throughout Italy and reaching Rome during their Grand Tour, made the artist specialized in portraits. Batoni won international fame largely thanks to his customers, mostly British of noble origin, whom he portrayed, often with famous Italian landscapes in the background. Such "Grand Tour" portraits by Batoni were in British private collections, thus ensuring the genre's popularity in the United Kingdom.

Batoni's style took inspiration and incorporated elements of classical antiquity, French Rococo, Bolognese classicism, and the work of artists such as Nicolas Poussin, Claude Lorrain and especially Raphael. As such Pompeo Batoni is considered a precursor of Neoclassicism. More

Niccolò dell'Abbate,  (1510–1571)

The Continence of Scipio, circa 1555

Oil on canvas

Height: 127 cm (50 in). Width: 115 cm (45.3 in).

Louvre Museum

Niccolò dell'Abbate, sometimes Nicolò and Abate (1509 or 1512 – 1571) was an Italian Mannerist painter in fresco and oils. He was of the Emilian school, and was part of the team of artists called the School of Fontainebleau that introduced the Italianate Renaissance to France. More Niccolò dell'Abbate

Giovanni Domenico Tiepolo, (1727–1804)

The Continence of Scipio, c. 1751
Oil on canvas
Städel, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

Giovanni Domenico Tiepolo (August 30, 1727 – March 3, 1804) was an Italian painter and printmaker in etching. He was the son of artist Giovanni Battista Tiepolo and elder brother of Lorenzo Baldissera Tiepolo.

Domenico was born in Venice, studied under his father, and by the age of 13 was the chief assistant to him. He was one of the many assistants, including Lorenzo, who transferred the designs of his father (executed in the 'oil sketch' invented by the same). By the age of 20, he was producing his own work for commissioners.

He assisted his father in Würzburg 1751-3, decorating the famous stairwell fresco, in Vicenza at the Villa Valmarana in 1757, and in Madrid at the palace of Charles III from 1762-70. More Giovanni Domenico Tiepolo

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